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Gk. ταπεινός ‘low, low-lying’ (Hdt., Pind.+) and IE *temp- ‘to stretch, extend’

By Matilde Serangeli

The hypothesis put forward by Bally (1903:329, 1942) that Gk. ταπεινός ‘low-lying’ (Hdt., Pind.+) is etymologically connected with τέμπεα/-η ‘defile, narrow-pass, valley’, and that it can be traced back to *tm̥pes-nó- (LIV2: 626 *temp- ‘to stretch, extend’, extended variant of *ten- ‘to stretch’) has encountered general skepticism. The term is nowadays still mentioned as obscure or Pre-Greek in etymological dictionaries (GEW 854, DELG 1093, EDG 1450).

Tradition and Renewal in Pindaric Diction: Some Remarks on the IE Background of Pindar P. 2.52–6

By Laura Massetti

As is well known, Pindar’s poetics exhibit reflexes of IE poetic inheritance at several levels, namely syntactic, phraseological and thematic (see Watkins 1995:448–59, 2002ab). This paper undertakes to make a short contribution to the field. It aims at gaining a deeper insight into some possible inherited IE conceptual patterns underlying two phraseological items of Pind. P. 2.52–6:

[...] ἐμὲ δὲ χρεών

φεύγειν δάκος ἀδινὸν κακαγοριᾶν

εἶδον γὰρ ἑκὰς ἐὼν τὰ πόλλ᾽ ἐν ἀμαχανίᾳ

ψογερὸν Ἀρχίλοχον βαρυλόγοις ἔχθεσιν

πάνυ δὴ δεῖ χρηστὰ λέγειν ἡμᾶς: Expressions of obligation and necessity in Aristophanes

By Coulter George

Recent work on expressions of obligation in Greek (Ruiz Yamuza 2008, Allan 2013) has refined our understanding of modal verbs like δεῖ and χρή by applying to the problem general linguistic advances in the realm of modality. But while making distinctions such as that between deontic and epistemic usages or setting up a scale of modal strength is a necessary first step towards determining the relative domains of δεῖ and χρή, a satisfactory theoretical account of the difference between the two remains elusive.

Accent in Ennius' Hexameters

By Angelo Mercado

At the earliest stages of Latin poetry known to us, we can see the obsolescence of poetic meters based on word accent and the adoption/adaptation of Greek rhythms founded on syllable length. However, accentual rhythm never became entirely irrelevant to Latin verse-making, either because accentuation is affected by syllable length or because we can notice recurring accentual patterns in the extant Latin verses composed in the Greek mould.