Numismatics

Classical scholars and ancient historians have long been concerned with issues of cultural interaction, performance, and change, especially under the often-problematized appellations of “Hellenization” and “Romanization.” The current vitality of research in this field, characterized by utilization of new evidence and increasing use of theory, is evident in recent works (e.g. Andrade 2013; Chrubasik 2017; Quinn 2018). These studies, however, tend to neglect the late and post-Seleucid Levant (c.164-63 BCE).

The twin threads of myth and identity are key tools for untangling the ever-changing webs of alliances between cities across the Mediterranean. The Greek city-states of southern Italy were involved in a network of politics and alliances which spanned not only the Greek mainland but also included connections throughout the Italian peninsula and Sicily.

Coins offer a unique view of history that often confirms what historical sources report, such as the famous denarius of Brutus showing two daggers and the cap of freedom after the assassination of Julius Caesar. But sometimes coins shed light on otherwise unknown aspects of Roman history that reveal political and military tactics and maneuvers that in turn raise larger questions about Roman goals and strategies.

The reign of Hadrian saw a radical change in the selection of imperial titles on coins. Following years of an ever-expanding obverse legend, with those of Trajan even exceeding thirty characters in some instances, the portrait of Hadrian was surrounded by a much more concise formula. From 125 onwards coin legends on all denominations could even be as brief as HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS. This paper looks into both the context and the afterlife of this change.