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Venereal Disease and the Ox-Eyed Goddess: Valerius Flaccus’s Venus and Juno as Vergilian Vectors of Disease

By Darcy Krasne

This paper examines the parallelism, in Valerius’s Argonautica, of the pairs Venus and Fama (Lemnos episode, Bk.2) and Juno and Tisiphone (Io-epyllion, Bk.4), and the connecting bridge of Juno and Dryope (Hylas episode, Bk.3). I argue that Valerius intensifies the disease element of the traditional equation between love, disease, and madness—so vividly depicted in Vergil’s Aeneid—by repeatedly drawing on the actual plague in Georgics 3, as well as other plague episodes from pre- and post-Vergilian literature, for language and imagery.

Athens on Mount Olympus: portraying gods in Aristophanes’ Birds

By Francesco Morosi

A paradoxical travel to another dimension, Birds is one of Aristophanes’ most enigmatic comedies: it stands out as the only surviving Aristophanic comedy that bears no evident connection with the life of the polis. But this does not mean that in shaping his Cloudcuckooland Aristophanes did not keep Greek reality in mind.